Strengthening VPD Outbreak Response: Cross-Border Collaboration in South Asia (2026)

A crucial cross-border initiative took center stage in November 2025, as Surveillance Medical Officers (SMOs) from WHO India and WHO Nepal convened in Gorakhpur, India, and Biratnagar, Nepal. The aim? To fortify the region's defenses against vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) outbreaks and enhance cross-border collaboration.

But here's where it gets controversial: with approximately 1800 kilometers of open and porous international border shared between Nepal and India, the potential for cross-border health threats is significant. And this is the part most people miss - it's not just about having the right tools and strategies; it's about fostering a culture of cooperation and coordination.

The WHO Country offices (WCOs) of Nepal and India have a network of SMOs who provide technical expertise to ensure high-quality VPD surveillance at the subnational level. During the meeting, attendees delved into the International Health Regulations (IHR) and emergency response frameworks, gaining critical insights into global standards for public health emergencies. They also received updates on standard operating procedures for responding to poliovirus events, measles, and rubella outbreaks, ensuring a unified and swift response in the face of cross-border incidents.

One of the highlights was a tabletop simulation exercise (TT SimEx) on polio and measles outbreaks that spanned international borders. This exercise provided a platform for participants to exchange ideas, discuss management strategies, and strengthen the bonds of cross-border collaboration.

The overarching goal of these meetings was to foster a stronger, more united front against VPD outbreaks. By building partnerships and aligning strategies, the region can better prevent, detect, and control these outbreaks, safeguarding public health along the border and beyond.

So, what's your take on this initiative? Do you think cross-border collaboration is the key to tackling vaccine-preventable diseases? Or is there another aspect we should be focusing on? Let's spark a discussion in the comments and explore these thought-provoking questions together!